Functional Programming - Implement the filter Method on a Prototype

JavaScript
1

Tell us what’s happening:
Describe your issue in detail here.
This code does work but I do not fully understand it. I understand it until I get to the last challenge which states.

[1, 1, 2, 5, 2].myFilter((element, index, array) => array.indexOf(element) === index) should return [1, 2, 5].

I do not understand why this[i], i, this is the correct parameters to pass in order to make it run correctly.
Your code so far

Array.prototype.myFilter = function(callback) {
  const newArray = [];
  // Only change code below this line
for (let i = 0; i < this.length; i++) {
    if(callback(this[i], i, this))
      newArray.push(this[i])
}
  // Only change code above this line
  return newArray;
};
console.log([1, 1, 2, 5, 2].myFilter((element, index, array) => array.indexOf(element) === index))

Your browser information:

User Agent is: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/111.0.0.0 Safari/537.36

Challenge: Functional Programming - Implement the filter Method on a Prototype

Link to the challenge:

2

When you call your function, this is what is to the left of the dot.

[1, 1, 2, 5, 2].myFilter((el........
               ↑
            the dot

So this, when that example is called, is an array, [1, 1, 2, 5, 2].

So substitute that array for this in your logic, what’s the result?

Just for future reference, this is almost always whatever is to the left of the dot when a function is called. That “whatever” is always an object.

It is useful to override that behaviour occasionally. So JavaScript does provide a few ways to do that, to tell a function to use a different object when it’s called (these are the methods apply, call, and bind, which are attached to the Function object just like you’re attaching methods to the Array object).