“Progressive Web App” is pretty much a Google marketing term. It mostly pertains to web apps that work offline and feel like a “real” app.
Responsive Web Design is about making sure a web app looks right no matter what the screen dimensions are, from a widescreen monitor down to a phone. If you follow FCC’s curriculum, you’ll learn the basics of responsive design.
Bootstrap is a very popular framework that helps you write responsive layouts by using CSS classes.
And … I’m not trying to be rude, but have you actually tried googling those terms?