They are good to know if another programmer mentions one in a code review or something. But I think a better way to learn commonly used patterns is to write code in an environment where there are some senior programmers. The more variety of people you work with the more high level patterns you’ll see and be able to choose from. If you want to see how often the documented patterns are used in the wild, choose one a week and see where and if you can find it in the projects you are working on. Or if your code could be improved by using that pattern.